TADABUR ON AYAH 109 OF SURAH KAHF:  'Say, 'If the ocean were ink for writing the words of my Lord, it would run dry before the words of my Lord are exhausted – even if We were to add another ocean to it.‘  This verse emphasizes the vast and limitless nature of Allah's knowledge and power. It highlights that even if the entire ocean were used as ink, and another ocean were added to it, the words of Allah would still not be exhausted, demonstrating the boundless nature of His knowledge and wisdom.  Tafsir (Explanation) by Dr. Israr Ahmed: To understand this verse better, recall the verse just before the last one in Surah Bani Isra'il (Al-Isra 17:110):'Say, 'Call upon Allah or call upon the Most Merciful — whichever \[name] you call upon, to Him belong the best names.'' In that verse, Allah's Names (Asma'ul Husna)are mentioned, whereas in this verse of Surah Al-Kahf, His Words (Kalimāt) are referred to.The 'Words of Allah' here refer to His various types of 'creations'. Each created being is a manifestation of His command 'Kun' (Be). Hence, encompassing all of Allah’s creations is beyond anyone’s capacity or comprehension. A similar concept is conveyed in Surah Luqman (31:27): 'And if all the trees on the earth were pens, and the sea \[were ink], with seven more seas to help it, the words of Allah would not be exhausted. Verily, Allah is Almighty, All-Wise.' This shows the 'limitless' nature of Allah’s knowledge, His decrees, and His creation. No amount of ink or writing instruments can fully encompass or record the totality of Allah's words and creative expressions. This ayah can be related to the diversity of ALLAH’s SWT creation present in our universe . Let’s ponder over the diversity of ALLAH’S SWT creation: Diversity of plants: There are an estimated 500,000 species of landplants (angiosperms 450,000,  gymnosperms 1000, ferns 10,000 , lycophytes 1300 species, and bryophytes 16,750 species), with diversity strongly concentrated in the humid tropics. Many species are still unknown to science. ALLAHU AKBAR! Diversity of Animals: The animal kingdom is incredibly diverse. While scientists have described over 1.5 million species, the total number of animal species on Earth is estimated to be between 3 and 30 million. Around 1.05 million are insects, over 85,000 are mollusks, and around 65,000 are vertebrates. Insects are the most diverse animal group. ALLAHU AKBAR! Diversity of sea animals: The oceans are home to a vast number of marine species, with estimates ranging from 200,000 to 1,000,000 species, according to some studies. While scientists have described around 236,000 species, according to Blue Planet Aquarium, it's believed that many more remain undiscovered, particularly in the deep sea and microbial environments.  Diversity of microorganisms: Estimates suggest there could be around a trillion species of microorganisms on Earth, with a vast majority remaining undiscovered. While specific numbers vary, microorganisms are incredibly diverse and represent the most biodiverse group of organisms.  A significant portion of the microbial world remains unexplored, with one estimate from a 2011 study suggesting that 99.99% of microbial species are yet to be discovered. ALLAHU AKBAR! Humans harbor a diverse microbiome, with estimates suggesting a human can house 100 trillion microbes, including bacteria, fungi, viruses, and other microorganisms.  Diversity of stars and planets: The number of stars and planets in the observable universe is estimated to be vast. Astronomers estimate there are around 1024 planets, and the observable universe contains an estimated 2 trillion galaxies, each with hundreds of billions of stars.  Stars: The observable universe contains an estimated 1024 (1 septillion) stars. This is more stars than there are grains of sand on Earth. ALLAHU AKBAR! Planets: It's estimated that each star has, on average, about 1.6 planets. This leads to an estimate of 3.2 x 1023 (3.2 nonillion) planets in the observable universe.  Galaxies: The observable universe contains an estimated 2 trillion galaxies.  Unobservable Universe: Measurements suggest the unobservable universe is much larger than the observable, potentially 15,126,368 times greater in volume. This would mean the total number of planets in the universe as a MINIMUM is significantly higher than the 3.2 x 1023 in the observable universe.  These are just estimations. The actual numbers of stars and planets are only known by ALLAH SWT. See how many creations ALLAH SWT has created and how beautifully HE SWT has created everything. All creatures and signs of ALLAH SWT we see are the only very little ratio of what are actually Created by ALLAH SWT. We do not know the creatures that are present in deepest oceans ,under the earth ,in the air, in the human body,on the trees and in the space. ALLAHU AKBAR! If we make ink from all the water of oceans and pens from the wood of trees and we write about the creations of ALLAH SWT then all the water become dry and all the pens would be broken but we can not encompass the knowledge about the creation of single species. How GREAT is ALLAH SWT! May ALLAH SWT guide us to the straight path Ameen! Jazzakumulahu khairan kaseerah! Regards: Ayesha Zafar